A FAMILY-BASED MODEL FOR PREVENTING CHILD MARRIAGE IN PRECONCEPTION SERVICES FOR COASTAL TEENAGERS : A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Child marriage remains a major public health, gender equity, and adolescent rights concern because it accelerates early pregnancy, school discontinuation, intimate partner violence, and inadequate preconception readiness. These risks may be intensified in coastal communities by economic insecurity, occupational mobility, limited service access, and gendered social relations. This review aimed to synthesize recent evidence and formulate a family-based child marriage prevention model within preconception services for coastal adolescents. An integrative literature review was conducted using open-access Scopus-indexed articles published from January 2021 to July 2026. Studies addressing child marriage, family and social norms, adolescent preconception or sexual and reproductive health services, and coastal or fishing-community contexts were selected through structured screening. Twenty-five articles were included, critically appraised using design-appropriate Joanna Briggs Institute tools, and analyzed through narrative thematic synthesis. The findings showed that child marriage is shaped by interacting economic, educational, parenting, gender-norm, community, and service-access factors. Seven model domains were identified: family risk assessment; communication and parenting strengthening; educational and economic support; social norm transformation; adolescent-friendly preconception services; biopsychosocial risk screening; and adaptation to coastal settings. No included study directly evaluated an integrated family-based preconception model for coastal adolescents. A multilevel, adolescent-centered model that engages families safely, protects confidentiality and autonomy, and connects midwifery services with schools, social protection, and community systems is therefore required. Local validation and feasibility testing should precede implementation.